I need to know how do refineries make their money. When refineries buy people scrap gold and such. They melt it but then what do they do with it. how do they make a profit? Who do they resell to? Who buys from them?

i wants to invest an ample of money in gold what will be the future price gold after 10years.

I am taking some 18K gold necklaces in to a jeweler who said they would buy them as scrap. I assume they will weigh them and multiply the weight by something. What is that something? In other words…. how much is reasonable for them to pay per ounce? Just a ball park so I know if they are ripping me off.

I turn pens for a hobby. I have ben doing this for about 2 years. I have been thinking and I wonder if anyone knows where can I purchase a solid gold pen kit? The parts that I would perfer to be solid gold are the nib, clip and maybe a little in the end of the pen. Anyways just wondering. If anyone can help that would be great. Also if anyone that has used a solid gold pen kit when turning a pen let me know your thoughts…
Thanks…